PAKISTAN

The first settlers in the Pakistan area were the Rivat people ca 1,900,000. After that follows a very long list of various tribes.

INDUS PRIEST/KING CA 3,500 BC

Pakistan is a Muslim country in southern Asia. It used to be under British India but Mohammed Ali Jinnag of the Muslim League demanded to be independent in 1906

Pakistan was established in 1947 when Britain declared independence to the Indian subcontinent.

The sub continent included West Pakistan and provinces of the North-East Frontiers. East Bengal became East Pakistan.  Kashmir stayed with India.

It caused a widespread riot and a million people died. The seven to eight million Hindus and Sikhs living in Pakistan went back to India while a similar number of Muslims living in India moved to Pakistan.

The new Prime Minister Liaqat Ali Khan wanted a liberal constitution but was opposed by orthodox Muslim and was assassinated in 1951.

The Muslim Leaque lost the general election in 1952 in East Pakistan to the Awami League which sought autonomy for the East.

1956 the new constitution declared Pakistan an Islamic Republic and the parliament represent East and West.

In 1958 it failed a multiparty system and the President Iskander Mirza declared marshal law under General Ayub Kahn who quickly took the presidency for himself. Under his rule there was economy growth but also resentment grew between the Bengalis in the East and West suspecting to get more of the assets and it was supported by the Awami League. It caused Ayub to resign in 1969

In the 1970 general election the Islamic socialist Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) led by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto won the majority in West Pakistan while the Awami League won the overall majority.

Civil war broke out over the future of East Pakistan. Indian Army joined the Bengali dissidents and defeated the Pakistan army in 1971.  A new state was established called Bangladesh.

Mr Bhutto became prime minister but became increasingly autocratic.

In 1977 a military coup placed General Zia Ulhaq in power. Zia enforced Islamic rule in Pakistan.  Martial Law was officially lifted in 1985. Zia kept promising a return to democracy but held on till his death in 1988.

The general election in the same year was won by the PPP led by Benazir Bhutto.  Her government was ousted by accusation of corruptions in 1990 but she gained power again in 1993.

Benazir Bhutto is accused of ethnic and sectarian violence in major cities. She faces opposition from her estrange brother Murtaza who formed a breakaway faction in 1995. She was assassinated in 2007/

General Pervez Musharrat came to power through a bloodless coup d’etata. He was a chief-executive from 1999-2001 and Prime Minister from 2001-2008 which was a period of enlightenment, social liberalism, extensive economic reform and direct involvement with US-led was o terrorism.

2009 in the electing the PPP won and Yousaf Paza Gilani became the next Prime Minister. Mr Gilani was disqualified from Parliament and in 2013 as PM but he announced the cost of war on terrorism of 467billlions, thousands lost lives and almost three million people displaced.

The election in 2013 won by PML at a super-majority and Nawaz Sharif became Prime Minister and was re-elected for the 3^rd time after 14 years.

PP