CONSERVATIVE (TORY) PARTY From 1830

SIR ROBERT PEEL 

SUMMARY  Conservative Party (previously Tory) is in Britain, Canada and South Africa established.  The basis of the party is to maintain the traditional values and institution. It is in Britain one of the main parties.

In 1830 it was decided that the previously called Tory Party should change its name to Conservative Party since the word stood for preservation of institutions. Sir Robert Peel preferred the name. However, the party split over free trade and Peel’s follower joined the Liberals. 

BENJAMIN DISREALI

It was gradually adopted and Disreali described the party as eager to preserve the institutions, the maintenance of the Empire and improvement of the condition of the people. 

Up till 1945 the British Conservative Party was imperialists. From 1945 till 1970 there was a change in the party politics to a more realistic outlook in accepting the Welfare State and response to public opinion. 

MARGARET THATCHER

Under the Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher a great change was made within the party. The 19^th century liberal outlook on individual free enterprise was abandoned and introducing her power against Local authorities. She privatised the gas, electricity, railway and water which now cost the tax payers not only subsidies but also sky high prices while these giants making huge profits. She had broken up the coal mines, ship and steel industries which were the pride of Britain and the envy of the world.

The Conservative Party certainly forgot their original principles.

1990 Canada’s Conservative Party also changed their original principles on national issues.

The South African Conservative Party was extremely right-wing during the last decades of Apartheid era. Their main support came from traditionalists which were a minority of the Afrikaner who tried to keep hold on at all cost. Eventually they lost their power but in the meantime it costs too many lives. Although the Apartheid is abandoned but has it really equalled for the original Africans in South Africa

THERESA MAY PM
RESIGNED

DAVID CAMERON
RESIGNED

NEW PM BORIS JOHNSON SINCE JUNE 2019 and was voted in GE19 but the lawful vote counting is still disputed.
They have now the full power. T May signed the ENABLING ACT and GE19 coup gave Johnson 80 seats majority. Jeremy Corbyn, Labour Leader, had 600,000 members but upon GE19 results he resigned.  

TORY PARTY (c.1769-c.1832) NOW CONSERVATIVE PARTY

PITT THE YOUNGER

British political party traditionally opposed to the WHIG party. The word “Tory” originated and described an Irish Catholic outlaw. Later on it changed as an abusing word for royalists supporting the succession of James II even so he was Roman Catholic. The word was first used during the political crisis in 1679 when Earl of Shaftesbury tried to recall the Parliament in order to pass a bill excluding James from the throne. The Tories opposed this because of their belief in hereditary royal successions.

After the Glorious Revolution in 1688 which a great number of the Tory leaders supported but somehow reduced them on the issue of royal rights. The parties Tories and Whigs opposed on religious tolerance and English involvement in foreign wars. The Tories stood for solid Anglicanism and limited military involvement abroad. In other word they represent the interests of country gentry. The Whigs identified with the aristocratic landowners and the wealthy middle class.

The leader Robert Harley masterminded the party greatly during the later years of Queen Anne’s reign (1702-14).

They fell out of favour during the leadership of Henry Bolingbroke for the association with Jacobites rebellion in 1715.  The Tories stayed out of favour for 60 years.

In 1784 with William Pit the younger winning the election he revitalised the Tory Party under his political direction. They now controlled the government until 1830. However, in 1932 their power in the House of Commons was destroyed by the Reform Act.

The party was completely undermined morally but they regrouped and started to call themselves Conservative Party.

JACOBITE  -  English and Scottish supporters of the exiled royal house of Stuart after the Glorious Revolution. 

After James II was disposed in 1688-9 the word Jacobites was formed from the Latin for James (Jacobus).  Their power came from the Highland Clan brotherhood of Scotland. They led a major rebellion in 1715 and 1745 but it never achieved the dreams to restore the Stuarts to the throne. The Jacobites receive a major defeat in 1746, the government suppressed the clans and the Jacobites ceased to exist as a great force.